There are
three types of basic weaves. They are as follows:
- Plain Weave
- Twill Weave
- Satin or Sateen Weave.
Characteristics of Plain
Weave:
» Both
sides of the weave are identical.
» It
comprises a high production of the total output of woven fabric.
»The
plain weave is made from all kinds of raw materials and yarns, i.e., Cotton,Linen, Jute, Man-made fibres both spun and continuous filament yarn.
» Thread
interlacement is in alternative order.
» Each
thread gives maximum amount of support to the adjacent threads.
» Texture
is stronger and finer than any other structure.
» Friction
as well as stress on warp yarn is reduced by “Skip draft”.
Ornamentation of
Plain Cloth: Ornamentation
of Plain cloth can be done –
»By
using extremely fine yarn, E.g. Muslin
» By
using coarse yarn, E.g. Jute Hessian
» By
using threads of different colors which are combined in check form.
» By
using the threads on both warp and weft that may vary in color and count.
» By
using Fancy Slub Yarn.
» By
using two warp beam in different tension.
» By
using different twisted yarn
» By
using different textile materials.
» By
using special shaped reed.
Some Trade Names of
Plain Cloth:
» Muslin
» Linen
» Alpaca
» Taffeta
» Calico
» Long
Cloth
Classification of
Plain Cloth:
Firstly, plain cloth can be classified as follows-
» Approximately
Square Cloth
» Warp
Faced Cloth
» Weft
Faced Cloth
Features of Approximately
Square Cloth:
» Warp
and weft count, EPI, and PPI are approximately equal.
» Warp
and weft are equally or near prominent on both sides of the cloth.
» Uses:
Cheese cloth, surgical dressing, Tracing cloth.
Features of Warp
Faced Cloth:
» Prominence
of warp yarn is more than that of weft yarn.
» Warp
yarns are normally finer than the weft yarn.
» Uses:
Terylene, Shirting, Cotton Poplin, Cotton Canvas for sports shoes.
Features of Weft
Faced Cloth:
» Prominence
of weft yarn is more than that of warp yarn.
» Weft
yarns are normally finer than the warp yarn.
» Uses:
Cotton casement cloth.
Secondly, plain cloth can be classified as follows-
» Balanced
Cloth
» Unbalanced
Cloth
Features of Balanced
Cloth:
» In
this cloth, the warp and weft counts are same.
» EPI
and PPI are same.
» The
warp and the weft are equally prominent
Features of
Unbalanced Cloth:
Either 1. EPI and PPI
are similar but warp & weft counts are different.
Or, 2. Warp and
weft counts are similar but EPI & PPI are different.
Or, 3. Warp &
weft counts are different and EPI & PPI are also different.
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